Chapter 01:Electromagnetics and Optics

Ex1.6:pg-25

In [16]:
#To find refractive index of of the glass
import math

# Given data
phi=0.7297;                          # Critical angle for glass-air interface
n2=1;                                # Refractive index of air
n1=n2/math.sin(phi);                      # Refractive index of glass

# Displaying the result in command window
print "\n Refractive index of the glass = ",round(n1,1)
 Refractive index of the glass =  1.5

Ex1.7:pg-25

In [8]:
#To calculate a)the speed of light b) The wavelenght in medium c) The wavenumber in medium
import math


#a)The speed of light
c=3*10**8;                               #Speed of light in free space (m/s)
n=1.45;                                 #Given refractive index of dielectric medium
v=(c/n);                               #Speed of light in medium (in m/s)

#Displaying the result in command window
print" \nSpeed of light in medium =",round(v*10**-8,3)," X 10^8 m/s',"

#b) The wavelenght in medium 
f=190*10**12;                           #Given operating frequency of laser
lambdam=(v/f);                         #Wavelenght in medium 

#Displaying the result in command window
print" \nWavelenght of laser in medium =",round(lambdam*10**(6),4)," micrometer"

#c) The wavenumber in medium
k=(2*math.pi)/lambdam;                    #Wavenumber in medium

#Displaying the result in command window
print "\nWavenumber in medium =",round(k*10**-6,2)," X 10^6 m^-1"
 
Speed of light in medium = 2.069  X 10^8 m/s',
 
Wavelenght of laser in medium = 1.0889  micrometer

Wavenumber in medium = 5.77  X 10^6 m^-1

Ex1.8:pg-26

In [11]:
# To calculate a)magnitude of the wave vector of the refracted wave b)x-component and z-component of the wave vector

import math
#Given data
n1=1;                                               # Refractive index of air
n2=1.45;                                            # Refractive index of slap
theta1=math.pi/3;                                       # Angle of incidence
lambdam=1.0889*10**(-6);                             # Wavelength in medium
theta2=math.asin(math.sin(theta1)/n2);                        # Angle of refraction

# a)To calculate magnitude of the wave vector of the refracted wave
k=((2*math.pi)/lambdam);                               # Wavenumber

# Displaying the result in command window
print" Magnitude of the wave vector of the refracted wave is same as wave number =",round(k*10**(-6),2)," X 10^6 m^-1"

# b)To calculate x-component and z-component of the wave vector
kx=k*math.sin(theta2);                                   # x-component of the wave vector
kz=k*math.cos(theta2);                                   # z-component of the wave vector

# Displaying the result in command window
print"\n z-component of the wave vector =",round(kz*10**(-6),2)," X 10^6 m**-1"
print"\n x-component of the wave vector = ",round(kx*10**(-6),2)," X 10^6 m**-1"
# The answer is varrying due to round-off error 
 Magnitude of the wave vector of the refracted wave is same as wave number = 5.77  X 10^6 m^-1

 z-component of the wave vector = 4.63  X 10^6 m**-1

 x-component of the wave vector =  3.45  X 10^6 m**-1

Ex1.9:pg-30

In [15]:
#To find length of the medium
import math


bandwidth=100*10**9;                        #Bandwidth of optical signal
w=2*math.pi*bandwidth;                      #Bandwidth of optical signal in rad/s
T=3.14*10**(-12);                           #Delay between minimum and maximum frequency component
beta2=10*(10**(-12))**2/10.0**3;            #Group velocity dispersion parameter in s^2/km
L=T/(beta2*w);                              #Length of the medium

# Displaying the result in command window
print" Length of the medium =",round(L)," m"
 Length of the medium = 500.0  m