Chapter 12: The Cylindrical Antenna and the Moment Method (MM)

Example 12-12.1, Page number: 472

from math import pi
import numpy as np

#Variable declaration
N = 3        #Piecewise sinusoidal dipole modes (unitless)
l = 1/10.0     #Dipole length (lambda)
z11_exact = 0.4935 - 3454j #Exact impedence vector(ohm)
z11_apprx = 0.4944 - 3426j #approximate impedence vector(ohm)
z12_exact = 0.4935 + 1753j  #Exact impedence vector(ohm)
z12_apprx =  0.4945 + 1576j #approximate impedence vector(ohm)
z13_exact = 0.4935 + 129.9j #Exact impedence vector(ohm)
z13_apprx =  0.4885 + 132.2j #approximate impedence vector(ohm)

#Calculations
N2 = N + 1  #Number of equal segments (unitless)
d = l/4     #Length of each segment (lambda)
Rmn = 20*(2*pi*d)**2   #Real part of elements of Z-matrix, Zmn (VA)
zmat_apprx = np.array([[(z11_apprx+z13_apprx), z12_apprx],
                        [2*z12_apprx, z11_apprx]])
                        #Z(impedence) matrix    (unitless)
vmat = np.array([0,1])  #Voltage matrix (unitless)
i1,i2 = np.linalg.solve(zmat_apprx,vmat)    #Current matrix (unitless)
i_ratio = i2/i1         #Current ratio  (unitless)
zin = vmat[1]/i2        #Input impedence (ohm)


zmat_exact = np.array([[(z11_exact+z13_exact), z12_exact],
                        [2*z12_exact, z11_exact]])
i1_e,i2_e = np.linalg.solve(zmat_exact,vmat)    #Current matrix (unitless)
i_ratio_exact = i2_e/i1_e         #Current ratio  (unitless)
zin_exact = vmat[1]/i2_e        #Input impedence (ohm)


#Result
print "The current ratio is ", np.around(i_ratio,4)
print "This is nearly equal to 1.9," \
                "indicating a nearly triangular current distribution"
print "The input impdence is ", np.around(zin,3), "ohm using approximate values"
print "The input impedence is ", np.around(zin_exact,3), "ohm using exact values"

The current ratio is  (2.09+0.0013j)
This is nearly equal to 1.9,indicating a nearly triangular current distribution
The input impdence is  (1.891-1917.848j) ohm using approximate values
The input impedence is  (2.083-1605.074j) ohm using exact values

Example 12-12.2, Page number: 473

from math import tan, pi
import numpy as np

#Variable declaration
z_load = 2.083 + 1605j    #conjugate matched load (ohm)
e0 = 1.0                      #Electric field magnitude (unitless)
l = 1/10.0                    #length of dipole (lambda)
imag = 0+1j                 #Imaginary number 

z11_exact = 0.4935 - 3454j #Exact impedence vector(ohm)
z11_apprx = 0.4944 - 3426j #approximate impedence vector(ohm)
z12_exact = 0.4935 + 1753j  #Exact impedence vector(ohm)
z12_apprx =  0.4945 + 1576j #approximate impedence vector(ohm)
z13_exact = 0.4935 + 129.9j #Exact impedence vector(ohm)
z13_apprx =  0.4885 + 132.2j #approximate impedence vector(ohm)

#Calculation
d = l/4     #Length of each segment (lambda)
vm = (2*e0/(2*pi))*tan(2*pi*d/2)    #Voltage vector (VA)
z22 = z11_exact + z_load        #Impedence matrix for loaded dipole (VA)
zmat_exact = np.array([[(z11_exact+z13_exact), z12_exact],
                        [2*z12_exact, z22]])
                        #Z(impedence) matrix    (unitless)
vmat = np.array([vm,vm])  #Voltage matrix (unitless)
i1,i2 = np.linalg.solve(zmat_exact,vmat)    #Current matrix (unitless)
i3 = i1         #Current vector (unitless)

e_zn = (60*tan(2*pi*d/2))*imag      #Free space electric field (V/m)

e_s = i1*e_zn + i2*e_zn + i3*e_zn         #Scattered field (V/m)

sigma = 4*pi*(abs(e_s)**2)/(abs(e0)**2) #Radar Cross section (lambda**2)

#Result
print "The radar cross section using exact values of Z matrix is", round(sigma,4),\
                                                    "lambda^2"

The radar cross section using exact values of Z matrix is 0.1805 lambda^2

Example 12-12.3, Page number: 475

import numpy as np

#Variable declaration
z11_exact = 2-1921j         #Exact impedence vector (ohm)
z12_exact = 1.9971-325.1j   #Exact impedence vector (ohm)

z11_apprx = 1.9739-1992j    #Approximate impedence vector (ohm)
z12_apprx = 1.9739-232.8j   #Approximate impedence vector (ohm)

vmat = np.array([1,0])

#Calculations
zmat_exact = np.array([[z11_apprx, z12_apprx],
                        [z12_apprx, z11_apprx]])    
                        #Impedence matrix (unitless)
i1,i2 = np.linalg.solve(zmat_exact,vmat)
                        #Current matrix (unitless)
zin = 1/i1

#Result
print "The input impedence for order N = 2 is", np.around(zin,3), "ohm"

The input impedence for order N = 2 is (1.539-1964.795j) ohm