Rate of Return Method

Example 7.1 Page 89

In [2]:
#initiation of vriable
Ii=100000.0;#in Rs
Ar=30000.0;#in Rs
n=5.0;#in years
i1=10.0;#in % per annum

#calcualton
PW1=-Ii+Ar*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#in RS

#result
print "The present worth for i=10% in RS. ",round(PW1,3);

#calcualtion
i2=15.0;#in % per annum
PW2=-Ii+Ar*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#in RS

#result
print "The present worth for i=15% in RS. ",round(PW2,3);

#calculation
i3=18.0;#in % per annum
PW3=-Ii+Ar*(((1+i3/100)**n)-1)/((i3/100)*(1+i3/100)**n);#in RS
i=15+(PW2-0)*(i3-i2)/(PW2-PW3);#in Rs

#result
print "The present worth for i=18% in RS. ",round(PW3,3)
print "Present worth for i=15% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return for the new business in % per annum ",round(i,3);

The present worth for i=10% in RS.  13723.603
The present worth for i=15% in RS.  564.653
The present worth for i=18% in RS.  -6184.869
Present worth for i=15% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return for the new business in % per annum  15.251

Example 7.2 Page 90

In [4]:
#initiation of variable
Io=2000000.0;#in Rs
ANP=350000.0;#in Rs
S=0.0;#in Rs
n=10.0;#in years
i1=10.0;#in % per annum

#calcualtion
PW1=-Io+ANP*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#in RS

#result
print "The present worth for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW1,3);

#calculation
i2=12.0;#in % per annum
PW2=-Io+ANP*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#in RS
i=10+(PW1-0)*(i2-i1)/(PW1-PW2);#in Rs.

#result
print "The present worth for i=15% in RS. ",round(PW2,3);
print "Present worth for i=10% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return for the new business in % per annum ",round(i,3);

The present worth for i=10% in RS.   150598.487
The present worth for i=15% in RS.  -22421.94
Present worth for i=10% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return for the new business in % per annum  11.741

Example 7.3 Page 91

In [7]:
#initiation of variable
#alternate 1
Io=150000.0;#in Rs
Ap=45570.0;#in Rs
n=5.0;#in years

#calculation
i1=10.0;#in % per annum
PW1=-Io+Ap*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#in RS
i2=12.0;#in % per annum
PW2=-Io+Ap*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#in RS
i3=15.0;#in % per annum
PW3=-Io+Ap*(((1+i3/100)**n)-1)/((i3/100)*(1+i3/100)**n);#in RS
i4=18.0;#in % per annum
PW4=-Io+Ap*(((1+i4/100)**n)-1)/((i4/100)*(1+i4/100)**n);#in RS
i=i3+(PW3-0)*(i4-i3)/(PW3-PW4);#in Rs.

#result
print "The present worth for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW1,3);
print "The present worth for i=12% in RS. ",round(PW2,3);
print "The present worth for i=15% in RS. ",round(PW3,3);
print "The present worth for i=18% in RS. ",round(PW4,3);
print"Present worth for i=15% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return of alternative in % per annum :",round(i,3);

#alternative 2
Io=210000.0;#in Rs
Ap=58260.0;#in Rs
n=5.0;#in years
i1=12.0;#in % per annum

#calcualtion
PW1=-Io+Ap*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#in RS
i2=13.0;#in % per annum
PW2=-Io+Ap*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#in RS
i=i1+(PW1-0)*(i2-i1)/(PW1-PW2);#in Rs.

#result
print "The present worth for i=12% in RS. ",round(PW1,3);
print "The present worth for i=13% in RS. ",round(PW2,3);
print"Present worth for i=12% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return of alternative in % per annum :",round(i,3);

#Alternative 3:
Io=255000.0;#in Rs
Ap=69000.0;#in Rs
n=5.0;#in years
i1=11.0;#in % per annum
PW1=-Io+Ap*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#in RS
i2=12.0;#in % per annum
PW2=-Io+Ap*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#in RS
i=i1+(PW1-0)*(i2-i1)/(PW1-PW2);#in Rs.

#result
print "The present worth for i=11% in RS. ",round(PW1,3);
print "The present worth for i=12% in RS. ",round(PW2,3);
print"Present worth for i=12% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return of alternative in % per annum :",round(i,3);
print"It is clear that rate of return for alternative 3v is less than the minimum attractive rate of return of 12 %. So it should not be considered for comparison. the remaining two alternatives are qualified for consideration. Among the alternatives 1 and 2, the rate of return of 1 is greater than that of 2. hence,alternative 1 should be selected. ";

The present worth for i=10% in RS.   22746.153
The present worth for i=12% in RS.  14269.652
The present worth for i=15% in RS.  2757.708
The present worth for i=18% in RS.  -7494.817
Present worth for i=15% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return of alternative in % per annum : 15.807
The present worth for i=12% in RS.  14.262
The present worth for i=13% in RS.  -5086.107
Present worth for i=12% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return of alternative in % per annum : 12.003
The present worth for i=11% in RS.  16.894
The present worth for i=12% in RS.  -6270.442
Present worth for i=12% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return of alternative in % per annum : 11.003
It is clear that rate of return for alternative 3v is less than the minimum attractive rate of return of 12 %. So it should not be considered for comparison. the remaining two alternatives are qualified for consideration. Among the alternatives 1 and 2, the rate of return of 1 is greater than that of 2. hence,alternative 1 should be selected.

Example 7.4 Page 94

In [9]:
#initiation of variable
A0=-1275.0;#in Rs
A1=150.0;#in Rs
G=150.0;#in Rs
i=10.0;#in % per annum
n=5.0;#in years

#calcualtion
A=A1+G*(((1+i/100)**n)-i*n/100-1)/(((i/100)*(1+i/100)**n)-i/100) ;#in RS
i1=10.0;#in % per annum
PW1=A0+(A1+G*(((1+i1/100)**n)-i1*n/100-1)/(((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n)-i1/100))*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#i1n Rs.
i2=12.0;#i2n % per annum
PW2=A0+(A1+G*(((1+i2/100)**n)-i2*n/100-1)/(((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n)-i2/100))*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#i2n Rs.
i3=15.0;#i3n % per annum
PW3=A0+(A1+G*(((1+i3/100)**n)-i3*n/100-1)/(((i3/100)*(1+i3/100)**n)-i3/100))*(((1+i3/100)**n)-1)/((i3/100)*(1+i3/100)**n);#i3n Rs.
i4=18.0;#in % per annum
PW4=A0+(A1+G*(((1+i4/100)**n)-i4*n/100-1)/(((i4/100)*(1+i4/100)**n)-i4/100))*(((1+i4/100)**n)-1)/((i4/100)*(1+i4/100)**n);#in Rs.
i=i3+(PW3-0)*(i4-i3)/(PW3-PW4);#in Rs.

#result
print "The annual equivalent of the positive cash flows in RS. : ",round(A,3);
print "PW(10)",round(PW1,3);
print "PW(12)",round(PW2,3);
print "PW(15)",round(PW3,3);
print "PW(18)",round(PW1,4);
print"Present worth for i=15% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return for the given cash flow in % per annum :",round(i,3);

The annual equivalent of the positive cash flows in RS. :  421.519
PW(10) 322.888
PW(12) 225.269
PW(15) 94.095
PW(18) 322.8882
Present worth for i=15% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return for the given cash flow in % per annum : 17.448

Example 7.5 Page 95

In [11]:
#initiation of variable
#alternative 1
Io=500000.0;#in Rs
Ar=170000.0;#in Rs
n=5.0;#in years
i1=15.0;#in % per annum

#calculation
PW1=-Io+Ar*(((1+i1/100)**n)-1)/((i1/100)*(1+i1/100)**n);#in RS
i2=17.0;#in % per annum
PW2=-Io+Ar*(((1+i2/100)**n)-1)/((i2/100)*(1+i2/100)**n);#in RS
i3=20.0;#in % per annum
PW3=-Io+Ar*(((1+i3/100)**n)-1)/((i3/100)*(1+i3/100)**n);#in RS
i4=22.0;#in % per annum
PW4=-Io+Ar*(((1+i4/100)**n)-1)/((i4/100)*(1+i4/100)**n);#in RS
i=i3+(PW3-0)*(i4-i3)/(PW3-PW4);#in Rs.

#result
print "The present worth(PW(15%)) for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW1,3);
print "The present worth(PW(17%)) for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW2,3);
print "The present worth(PW(20%)) for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW3,3);
print "The present worth(PW(22%)) for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW4,3);
print "Present worth for i=15% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return of alternative 1 in % per annum ",round(i,3);

#altenative 2
Io=800000.0;#in Rs
Ar=270000.0;#in Rs
n=5.0;#in years
i3=20.0;#in % per annum

#calculation
PW3=-Io+Ar*(((1+i3/100)**n)-1)/((i3/100)*(1+i3/100)**n);#in RS
i4=22.0;#in % per annum
PW4=-Io+Ar*(((1+i4/100)**n)-1)/((i4/100)*(1+i4/100)**n);#in RS
i=i3+(PW3-0)*(i4-i3)/(PW3-PW4);#in Rs.

#result
print "The present worth(PW(20%)) for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW3,3);
print "The present worth(PW(22%)) for i=10% in RS.  ",round(PW4,3);
print "Present worth for i=15% is suitable.";
print "Therefore, the rate of return of alternative 2 in % per annum ",round(i,3);
print "Since the rate of return of alternative 1 is greater than that of the alternative 2, select alternative 1. ";

The present worth(PW(15%)) for i=10% in RS.   69866.367
The present worth(PW(17%)) for i=10% in RS.   43888.848
The present worth(PW(20%)) for i=10% in RS.   8404.064
The present worth(PW(22%)) for i=10% in RS.   -13181.241
Present worth for i=15% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return of alternative 1 in % per annum  20.779
The present worth(PW(20%)) for i=10% in RS.   7465.278
The present worth(PW(22%)) for i=10% in RS.   -26817.264
Present worth for i=15% is suitable.
Therefore, the rate of return of alternative 2 in % per annum  20.436
Since the rate of return of alternative 1 is greater than that of the alternative 2, select alternative 1.