Chapter 3 : Polarization

Example number 1 , Page number 266

In [5]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
mu=1.54       #refractive index of glass

#Calculations
ip=math.degrees(math.atan(1.54))
r=90-ip

#Result
print"The Angle of polarization is %2.0f"%r,"Degrees"

The Angle of polarization is 33 Degrees

Example number 2 , Page number 266

In [8]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
ip=60  #Angle of incidence

#Calculations
mu=math.tan(math.radians(ip))

#Result
print"The Angle of polarization is %1.4f"%mu,"Degrees"

The Angle of polarization is 1.7321 Degrees

Example number 3 , Page number 266

In [9]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
muwater=0.8660  #Refractive index of water

#Calculations
ip=math.degrees(math.atan(muwater))
r=90-ip

#Result
print"The Angle of Refraction is %2.2f"%r,"Degrees"

The Angle of Refraction is 49.11 Degrees

Example number 4 , Page number 267

In [17]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
lambdaa=6000*10**-10  #Wavelength
muo=1.55              #Refractive index of ordinary rays
mue=1.54              #Refractive index of extra ordinary rays

#Calculations
t=((lambdaa)/(2*(muo-mue)))*10**2

#Result
print"The thickness of the crystal is ",t,"cm"

The thickness of the crystal is  0.003 cm

Example number 5 , Page number 267

In [16]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
lambdaa=5893*10**-10  #Wavelength
muo=1.54              #Refractive index of ordinary rays
mue=1.53              #Refractive index of extra ordinary rays

#Calculations
t=((lambdaa)/(4*(muo-mue)))*10**2

#Result
print"The thickness of the crystal is ",t,"cm"

The thickness of the crystal is  0.00147325 cm

Example number 6 , Page number 267

In [19]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
lambdaa=5893*10**-10   #Wavelength
muo=1.551              #Refractive index of ordinary rays
mue=1.54               #Refractive index of extra ordinary rays

#Calculations
t=((lambdaa)/(2*(muo-mue)))*10**2

#Result
print"The thickness of the crystal is %0.5f"%t,"cm"

The thickness of the crystal is 0.00268 cm

Example number 7 , Page number 268

In [24]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
lambdaa=4000*10**-10      #Wavelength
mul=1.55821               #Refractive index of left landed
mur=1.55810               #Refractive index of right landed
t=2*10**-3                #thickness

#Calculations
orot=math.degrees((2*3.14*(t*(mul-mur)))/lambdaa)

#Result
print"The Amount of optical rotation produced is %3.0f"%orot,"degrees"

The Amount of optical rotation produced is 198 degrees

Example number 8 , Page number 269

In [30]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
lambdaa=5000*10**-10      #Wavelength
muo=1.5418               #Refractive index of ordinary rays
mue=1.5508               #Refractive index of extra ordinary rays
t=0.032*10**-3                #thickness

#Calculations
orot=((2*(t*(mue-muo)))/lambdaa)

#Result
print"The Amount of optical rotation produced is",orot,"pi radians"

The Amount of optical rotation produced is 1.152 pi radians

Example number 9 , Page number 269

In [34]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
theta=6.5      #rotation of plane
l=2            #length
c=0.05         #concentration

#Calculations
s=(theta/(l*c))

#Result
print"The Specific rotation of sugar solution is %i"%s,"degree/(dm/(gm/cc))"

The Specific rotation of sugar solution is 65 degree/(dm/(gm/cc))

Example number 10 , Page number 269

In [36]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
theta=12       #rotation of plane
l=2            #length
s=60           #Specific rotation

#Calculations
c=(theta/(l*s))

#Result
print"The Concentration of sugar solution is,",c,"gm/cc"

The Concentration of sugar solution is, 0.1 gm/cc

Example number 11 , Page number 270

In [39]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
theta1=12       #rotation of plane
l1=2            #length
theta2=24       #rotation of plane
l2=3            #length
c1=0.08         #Concentration

#Calculations
s=((theta1)/(l1*c1))
c2=((theta2)/(s*l2))
Ms=10*10*10*c2
Ms2=Ms*2

#Result
print"The Mass of sugar dissolved in 2 liter of water for optical rotation 24 deg is %3.1f"%Ms2,"gm"

The Mass of sugar dissolved in 2 liter of water for optical rotation 24 deg is 213.3 gm

Example number 12 , Page number 270

In [42]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
lambdaa=5086*10**-7            #Wavelength
s=29.73                        #Specific rotation

#Calculations
delmu=((s*lambdaa)/180)*10**5

#Result
print"The Difference in RI is %1.1f"%delmu,"*10**-5"

The Difference in RI is 8.4 *10**-5

Example number 13 , Page number 271

In [43]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
theta1=13      #rotation of plane
l1=2            #length
l2=3            #Length
s=6.5           #Specific rotation

#Calculations
theta=s*l2*(1/3)

#Result
print"The Concentation of sugar solution is ",theta,"degree"

The Concentation of sugar solution is  6.5 degree

Example number 14 , Page number 271

In [45]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
theta1=35       #rotation of plane
s=100           #Specific rotation
c=0.1           #Concentration

#Calculations
l=((theta1)/(s*c))*10

#Result
print"The Length will be %i"%l,"cm"

The Length will be 35 cm

Example number 15 , Page number 271

In [46]:
#importing modules
import math
from __future__ import division

#Variable declaration
theta1=9.9       #rotation of plane
l=2              #Length
c=0.08           #Concentration
s2=66            #specific rotation

#Calculations
s1=((theta1)/(l*c))
pis=((s2-s1)/s2)*100
pps=100-pis


#Result
print"percentage of purity of sample",pps,"%"

percentage of purity of sample 93.75 %