# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
from math import sqrt
rho_inf = 1.23; # freestream density of air at sea level
p_inf = 101000.; # freestream static pressure
v_inf = 50.; # freestream velocity
p = 90000.; # pressure at given point
# The velocity at the given point can be expressed as
v = sqrt((2.*(p_inf-p)/rho_inf) + (v_inf**2.));
print"The velocity at the given point is V =",v,"m/s"
# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
rho = 1.225; # freestream density of air along the streamline
p_1 = 101314.1; # pressure at point 1
v_1 = 3.05; # velocity at point 1
v_2 = 57.91; # velocity at point 2
# The pressure at point 2 on the given streamline can be given as
p_2 = p_1 + 1/2*rho*((v_1**2) - (v_2**2));
print"The pressure at point 2 is p2 =",p_2,"Pa\n"
# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
import math
rho = 1.225; # freestream density of air along the streamline
delta_p = 335.16; # pressure difference between inlet and throat
ratio = 0.8; # throat-to-inlet area ratio
# The velocity at the inlet can be given as
v_1 = math.sqrt(2*delta_p/rho/(((1/ratio)**2)-1));
print"The value of velocity at the inlet is V1 =",v_1,"m/s\n"
# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
import math
rho=1.23; # freestream density of air along the streamline
v=50.; # operating velocity inside wind tunnel
rho_hg = 13600.; # density of mercury
ratio = 12.; # contraction ratio of the nozzle
g = 9.8; # acceleration due to gravity
w = rho_hg*g; # weight per unit volume of mercury
# The pressure difference delta_p between the inlet and the test section is given as
delta_p = 1./2.*rho*v*v*(1.-(1./ratio**2.));
# Thus the height difference in a U-tube mercury manometer would be
delta_h = delta_p/w;
print"The height difference in a U-tube mercury manometer is delta_h =",delta_h,"m\n"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
from math import sqrt
ratio = 12.; # contraction ratio of wind tunnel nozzle
Cl_max = 1.3; # maximum lift coefficient of the model
S = 0.56; # wing planform area of the model
L_max = 4448.22; # maximum lift force that can be measured by the mechanical balance
rho_inf = 1.225; # free-stream density of air
# the maximum allowable freestream velocity can be given as
V_inf = sqrt(2.*L_max/rho_inf/S/Cl_max);
# thus the maximum allowable pressure difference is given by
delta_p = 1./2.*rho_inf*(V_inf**2.)*(1.-(ratio**-2.));
print"The maximum allowable pressure difference between the wind tunnel setling chamber and the test section is delta_p =",delta_p,"Pa"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
V2 = 100.*1609./3600.; # test section flow velocity converted from miles per hour to meters per second
p_atm = 101000.; # atmospheric pressure
p2 = p_atm; # pressure of the test section which is vented to atmosphere
rho = 1.23; # air density at sea level
ratio = 10.; # contraction ratio of the nozzle
# the pressure difference in the wind tunnel can be calculated as
delta_p = rho/2.*(V2**2.)*(1.-(1./ratio**2.));
# thus the reservoir pressure can be given as
p1 = p2 + delta_p;
p1_atm = p1/p_atm; # reservoir pressure expressed in units of atm
print"The reservoir pressure is p1 =",p1_atm,"atm"
#Ex3_6b
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
V2 = 89.4; # test section flow velocity converted from miles per hour to meters per second
p_atm = 101000; # atmospheric pressure
p2 = p_atm; # pressure of the test section which is vented to atmosphere
rho = 1.23; # air density at sea level
ratio = 10; # contraction ratio of the nozzle
# the pressure difference in the wind tunnel can be calculated as
delta_p = rho/2*(V2**2)*(1-(1/ratio**2));
# thus the reservoir pressure can be given as
p1 = p2 + delta_p;
p1_atm = p1/p_atm; # reservoir pressure expressed in units of atm
print"The new reservoir pressure is p1 =",p1_atm,"atm"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
import math
p0 = 104857.2; # total pressure as measured by the pitot tube
p1 = 101314.1; # standard sea level pressure
rho = 1.225; # density of air at sea level
# thus the velocity of the airplane can be given as
V1 = math.sqrt(2*(p0-p1)/rho);
print"The velocity of the airplane is V1 =",V1,"atm"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
V_inf = 100.1; # freestream velocity
p_inf = 101314.1; # standard sea level pressure
rho_inf = 1.225; # density of air at sea level
# the dynamic pressure can be calculated as
q_inf = 1/2*rho_inf*(V_inf**2);
# thus the total pressure is given as
p0 = p_inf + q_inf;
print"The total pressure measured by pitot tube is p0 =",p0,"Pa"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
import math
p0 = 6.7e4; # total pressure as measured by the pitot tube
p1 = 6.166e4; # ambient pressure at 4km altitude
rho = 0.81935; # density of air at 4km altitude
# thus the velocity of the airplane can be given as
V1 = math.sqrt(2*(p0-p1)/rho);
print"The velocity of the airplane is V1 =",V1,"m/s =",V1/0.447,"mph"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
from math import sqrt
V1 =114.2; # velocity of airplane at 4km altitude
rho = 0.81935; # density of air at 4km altitude
q1 = 1./2.*rho*(V1**2.) # dynamic pressure experienced by the aircraft at 4km altitude
rho_sl = 1.23; # density of air at sea level
# according to the question
q_sl = q1; # sealevel dynamic pressure
# thus the equivallent air speed at sea level is given by
Ve = sqrt(2*q_sl/rho_sl);
print"The equivallent airspeed of the airplane is Ve =",Ve,"m/s"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
V_inf = 45.72; # freestream velocity
V = 68.58; # velocity at the given point
# the coeeficient of pressure at the given point is given as
Cp = 1. - (V/V_inf)**2.;
print"The coefficient of pressure at the given point is Cp =",Cp
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
from math import sqrt,pi
Cp = -5.3; # peak negative pressure coefficient
V_inf = 24.38; # freestream velocity
# the velocity at the given point can be calculated as
V = sqrt(V_inf**2*(1-Cp));
print"The velocity at the given point is V =",V,"m/s"
#Ex3_12b
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
Cp = -5.3; # peak negative pressure coefficient
V_inf = 91.44; # freestream velocity
# the velocity at the given point can be calculated as
V = math.sqrt(V_inf**2*(1-Cp));
print"The velocity at the given point is V =",V,"m/s"
# all the quantities are expressed in SI units
# When p = p_inf, Cp = 0, thus
# 1-4*(sin(theta)**2) = 0
# thus theta can be given as
#theta = (asind(1/2), 180-asind(1/2), 180-asind(-1/2), 360+asind(-1/2));
# sine inverse of 1/2 and -1/2 where theta varies from 0 to 360 degrees
theta1=30.;#
theta2=150.;#
theta3=210.;#
theta4=330.;#
print"The angular locations where surface pressure equals freestream pressure are theta=",theta1,theta2,theta3,theta4,"degrees"
# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
import math
Cl = 5; # lift coefficient of the cylinder
V_by_Vinf = -2 - Cl/2/math.pi; # ratio of maximum to freestream velocity
# thus the pressure coefficient can be calculated as
Cp = 1 - (V_by_Vinf**2);
print"The peak negative pressure coefficient is Cp =",Cp
# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
#theta = (180-asind(-5/4/math.pi) 360+asind(-5/4/math.pi)); # location of the stagnation points
theta1=203.4;#
theta2=336.6;#
print"The angular location of the stagnation points are theta =",theta1, theta2,"degrees"
#function temp = Cp(thet)
# temp = 0.367 -3.183*sind(thet) - 4*(sind(thet)**2); # Cp written as a function of theta
#endfunction
Cp90=-6.82;#
print "\nCp =",Cp90
#[k] = roots([-4 -3.183 0.367]);
#theta_2 = 180/math.pi*(math.pi-asin(k(1)), 2*math.pi+asin(k(1)), asin(k(2)), math.pi-asin(k(2)));
theta_2_1=243.9;#
theta_2_2=296.11;#
theta_2_3=5.86;#
theta_2_4=174.1;#
Cp270=-0.45;#
print"\nThe angular location of points on the cylinder where p = p_inf is theta =",theta_2_1,theta_2_2,theta_2_3,theta_2_4
print"\nThe value of Cp at the bottom of the cylinder is Cp = ",Cp270
# All the quantities are expressed in SI units
import math
rho_inf = 0.90926; # density of air at 3km altitude
V_theta = -75; # maximum velocity on the surface of the cylinder
V_inf = 25; # freestream velocity
R = 0.25; # radius of the cylinder
# thus the circulation can be calculated as
tow = -2*math.pi*R*(V_theta+2*V_inf);
# and the lift per unit span is given as
L = rho_inf*V_inf*tow;
print"The Lift per unit span for the given cylinder is L=",L,"N"