Chapter 12: Nonlinear effects

Example 12.1, Page Number: 432

In [1]:
import math

#variable declaration
L = 75.0                                           #amplifier spcaing (kilometer)
alpha = 4.61*10**-2                                #fiber attenuation (per Km)

#calculation
Leff = (1-math.exp(-alpha*L))/alpha                #effective length(km)

#result
print "Effective length of fiber = " , round(Leff,0) , "km"

Effective length of fiber =  21.0 km

Example 12.2, Page Number: 433

In [2]:
import math

#variable declaration
delta_VB = 20*10**6                                 #Brillouin linewidth (Hz)
Aeff = 55*10**-12                                   #effective cross-sectional area of the propagating wave (square meter)
Leff = 20*10**03                                    #effective length(km)
b = 2                                               #polarization factor
gB = 4*10**-11                                      #Brillous gain co-efficient (m/W)
delta_Vsource = 40*10**6                            #optical source linewidth (Hz)

#calculation
Pth = 21*(Aeff*b/(gB*Leff))*(1+(delta_Vsource/delta_VB))             #SBS threshold power(W)
Ps_out_db = 10*(math.log10(Pth*10**3))                               #SBS threshold power(dB)

#result
print "SBS threshold power = " , round(Pth*10**3,1) ,"mW"
print "SBS threshold power = " , round(Ps_out_db,1) ,"dBm"

SBS threshold power =  8.7 mW
SBS threshold power =  9.4 dBm

Example 12.3, Page Number: 438

In [3]:
import math

#variable declaration
sus_P=6*10**-15                          #Third order nonliner suseptibility (m^3/Ws)
D = 3                                    #degenereting factor
Leff = 22*10**03                         #effective length (meters)
Aeff = 6.4*10**-11                       #effective cross-sectional area of the fiber (m^2)
etta = 0.05                              #quantum efficiency
Lambda = 1540*10**-9                     #Wavelength in single mode fibers (meters)
C = 3*10**8                              #free space velocity (m/s)
alpha = 0.0461                           #attenuation (per Km)
L = 75                                   #fiberlink length (Km)
P = 10**-3                               #each channel input power of 1 mW
n = 1.48                                 #refractive index

#calculation
k = ((32*(math.pi**3)*sus_P)/((n**2)*Lambda*C))*(Leff/Aeff)           #nonlinear interaction constant
P112 = etta*(D**2)*(k**2)*(P**3)*(math.exp(-alpha*L))                 #power genreted(W)

#result
print "Power genreted due to intrection of signals at different freqencies = " , round(P112*10**11,2)*10**-8 , "mW"

Power genreted due to intrection of signals at different freqencies =  5.8e-08 mW

Example 12.4, Page Number: 446

In [4]:
import math

#variable declaration 
Ts1 = 15*10**-12                           #FWHM soliton pulse width
Ts2 = 50*10**-12

#calculation
To1 = Ts1/1.7627                           #normalized time(sec)
To2 = Ts2/1.7627

#result
print "Normalized time for FWHM soliton pulse = " , round(To1*10**12) , "-" , round(To2*10**12+2) , "ps"

Normalized time for FWHM soliton pulse =  9.0 - 30.0 ps

Example 12.5, Page Number: 446

In [5]:
import math

#variable declaration
Ts = 20*10**-12                                                  #FWHM soliton pulse width (sec) 
D = 0.5*10**-6                                                   #dispersion of the fiber (ps/(nm*km))
Lambda = 1550*10**-9                                             #wavelength (meter)
C = 3*10**8                                                      #free space velocity (m/s)

#calculation
Ldisp = 0.322*2*math.pi*C*(Ts**2)/((Lambda**2)*D)                #dispersion length(Km)

#result
print "Dispersion length = " , round(Ldisp/1000) , "Km"

Dispersion length =  202.0 Km

Example 12.6, Page Number: 447

In [6]:
import math

#variable declaration
Lambda = 1550*10**-9                          #wavelength (meters)
n2 = 2.6*10**-20                              #power (square m/w)
Aeff = 50*10**-12                             #effective area (m^2)
Ldisp = 202*10**3                             #dispersion length (meters)

#calculation
Ppeak = (Aeff/(2*math.pi*n2))*(Lambda/Ldisp)       #soliton of peak power()

#result
print "Soliton of peak power = " , round(Ppeak*1000,2) , "mW"

Soliton of peak power =  2.35 mW

Example 12.7, Page Number: 448

Example 12.7(a)

In [7]:
import math

#variable declaration
Ldisp = 100*10**03                 #disperison length in m
omega = 4682                       #oscillation period

#calculation
LI = omega*Ldisp                   #interaction distance(km)

#result
print "Interaction distance >= " , round(LI*10**-5/1000,1) , "e+05 km"

Interaction distance >=  4.7 e+05 km

Example 12.7(b)

In [8]:
import math

#variable declaration
D = 0.5*10**-6                           #disperison of fiber (ps/nm.km)
C = 3*10**8                              #free space velocity(m/s)
S0 = 8                                   #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons
B = 10*10**9                             #data rate  (10Gb/sec)
Lambda = 1550*10**-9                     #wavelength (m)

#calculation
Beta2 = (Lambda/(2*math.pi));
LT = (C*math.exp(S0))/(16*D*B**2*(Beta2**2)*(S0**2))       #Total transmission distance(km)

#result
print "Total transmission distance in km << " , round(LT/10000),"km"

Total transmission distance in km <<  28701.0 km

Example 12.7(c), Page Number: 449

In [9]:
import math

#variable declaration
S0 = 8                                   #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons
B = 10*10**9                             #data rate  (10Gb/sec)

#calculation
Ts = 0.881/(S0*B)                        #FHWM soliton pulse width

#result
print "FWHM soliton pulse width = " , round(Ts*1000*10**9),"ps"

FWHM soliton pulse width =  11.0 ps

Example 12.7(d), Page Number: 449

In [10]:
import math

#variable declaration
S0 = 8                                   #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons

#calculation 
Ts_TB = 0.881/S0                         #fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton

#result
print "Fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton in % = " , round(Ts_TB*100),"%"

Fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton in % =  11.0 %