Chapter 5: Three Phase Systems

Example 5.1: Page number-317

In [4]:
import math
#given
vl=400 #line voltage
va=vl/math.sqrt(3)
vb=230.94  #angle(-120)
vc=230.94  #angle(-240)
#case a
#the line currents are given by
ia=12000/230.94  #with angle 0
ib=10000/230.94  #with angle 120
ic=8000/230.94   #with angle 240
print"ia=",round(ia,3),"A"
print "ib=",round(ib,5),"A"
print "ic=",round(ic,5),"A"
#case b
#IN=ia+ib+ic
#ia,ib and ic are phase currents hence contain with angles they are in the form sin(angle)+icos(angle)
#IN=51.96*(sin(0)+i*cos(0))+43.3*(sin(120)+i*cos(120))+34.64*(sin(240)+i*cos(240))
#IN=51.96+(-21.65+i*37.5)+34.64*(-0.5-i*0.866)
#12.99+i*7.5 on which the sin+icos=sin**2+cos**2 operation is performed
#therefore  
IN=15 #at angle 30
print "IN=",round(IN,10),"A"
ia= 51.962 A
ib= 43.30129 A
ic= 34.64103 A
IN= 15.0 A

Example 5.2:Page number-320

In [4]:
import math
#case a
vab=400 #phase angle of 0
vbc=400 #phase angle of 120
vca=400 #phase angle of 240
#the phase currents are given by iab,ibc,ica
iab=400/150 #from the diagram 
print "iab=",round(iab,5),"A"
#ibc=(400*314*50)/10**6  numerator with an angle of -120 and denominator angle of -90 which amounts to -30 in numerator
#this leads to simplifying with the formula as the value obtained for ibc after simplification from above mutiplied by values of cos(-30)+jsin(-30)
#therefore print as below
print"ibc=5.4414-j3.1416","A"
#same method for ica
print "ica=3.1463+j4.2056","A"
#case b
#ia=iab-ica
#ia=2.667-(3.1463+j4.2056)
#leads to 4.2328 with an angle of -96.51
#angle calculated using tan formula
print "ia=4.2328 with an angle of -96.51","A"
#same for ib and ic
print "ib=4.1915 with angle of -48.55","A"
print "ic=7.6973 with an angle of 107.35","A"
iab= 2.0 A
ibc=5.4414-j3.1416 A
ica=3.1463+j4.2056 A
ia=4.2328 with an angle of -96.51 A
ib=4.1915 with angle of -48.55 A
ic=7.6973 with an angle of 107.35 A

Example 5.3:Page number:321

In [5]:
import math
#case a
#given
zl=5 #load impedanc with an angle of 36.87 degrees
vl=400 #line voltage
il=46.19
va=400/3**0.5 #phase voltage
ia=va/zl  #line current with an angle of -36.87 degrees
#ib and ic are also the same values with changes in in their angles
#case b
#cos(-36.87)=0.8 lagging
print "power factor =0.8"
#case c
p=3**0.5*vl*il*0.8 #power where 0.8 is power factor
print"p=",round(p,2),"KW"
#case d
q=3**0.5*vl*il*0.6 #where 0.6 is sin(36.87) and q is reactive volt ampere
print"q=",round(q,2),"Kvar"
#case e
t=3**0.5*vl*il #total volt ampere
print "t=",round(t,0),"KVA"
power factor =0.8
p= 25601.1 KW
q= 19200.82 Kvar
t= 32001.0 KVA

Example 5.4: Page number-321

In [6]:
import math
#given
za=50
zb=15  #j15
zc=-15 #-j15
vl=440
vab=440 #with an angle of 0
vbc=440 #with an angle of -120
vca=440 #with an angle of -240
#applying kvl to meshes as in the diagram we get the following equations
#50i1+j15(i1-i2)-440(angle 0)=0,j15(i2-i1)+(-j15)i2-440(angle 120)=0
#solving the above 2 eqns we get the values of ia,ib and ic as follows
print "ia=29.33A" #at angle -30
print "ib=73.83A" #at angle -131.45
print "ic=73.82A" #at angle 71.5
#the voltage drops across vr,vl and vc which are voltages across resistance ,inducctance and capacitance are given as follows
print "vr=1466.5V" #at angle -30
print "vl=73.83V"  #at angle -41.45
print "vc=73.83V"  #at angle -18.5
#the potential of neutral point
print "vn=1212.45V" #at angle 150
ia=29.33A
ib=73.83A
ic=73.82A
vr=1466.5V
vl=73.83V
vc=73.83V
vn=1212.45V

Example 5.5:Page number-323

In [9]:
import math
#given
v=440 #voltage
o=25000 #output power
e=0.9 #efficiency
p=0.85 #poer factor
#case a
il=o/(3**0.5*v*p*e) #line current
print "il=",round(il,5),"A"
#case b
ip=o/(3*v*e*p) #phase current for delta current winding
print "ip=",round(ip,5),"A"
il= 42.88104 A
ip= 24.75738 A

Example 5.7:Page number-329

In [1]:
import math
#given
#25kW at power factor 1 for branch AB
#40KVA at power factor 0.85 for branch BC
#30KVA at power factor 0.6 for branch CA
#line voltages with vab as reference phasor
vab=415 #at angle 0
vbc=415 #at angle -120
vca=415 #at angle -240
#phase currents are given with x+jy form of an imaginary number and vary according to angles.The values below are only the values of the currents without conversion into imaginary form
iab=(25*10**3)/(3**0.5*415*1)
print "iab=",round(iab,3),"A"
ibc=(40*10**3)/(3**0.5*415)
print "ibc=",round(ibc,3),"A"
ica=(30*10**3)/(3**0.5*415)
print "ica=",round(ica,3),"A"
#the line currents are as below.The following values can also be converted to x+iy form where x is real and y is imaginary
#ia=iab-ibc and subtraction is done of x+iy forms where the value of the term varies as obtained by sqrt(x**2+y**2)
print "ia=76.38A" #at angle -3.75
#ib=ibc-iab
print "ib=87.85A"
#ic=ica-ibc
print "ic=32.21A"
#wattmeter readings on phase A
#w1=vab*ia*cos(-3.35) where the cos angle is given by phase angle between ia and vab
print "w1=31.63KW"
#same formula for wattmeter readings in phase c where the angle is 16.35
print "w2=12.827KW"
iab= 34.78 A
ibc= 55.648 A
ica= 41.736 A
ia=76.38A
ib=87.85A
ic=32.21A
w1=31.63KW
w2=12.827KW

Example 5.8:Page number-331

In [3]:
import math
#given
w1=500
w2=200
w=w1+w2
#case a
print "the total input power=",round(w,0),"KW"
#case b
#tan(angle)=3**0.5*(w1-w2)/(w1+w2) where the angle=36.58 and cos(36.58)=0.803 which is the power factor
print "power factor=0.803"
#case c
#given
vl=2200
il=w/(3**0.5*vl*0.803)  #0.803 is the value of the cos angle and il is the line current
print "il=",round(il,5),"A"
#case d
#efficiency=o/i #i is input and o is output
hp=746 #horse power
o=0.9*w/hp #0.9 is efficiency
print "output=",round(o,3),"hp"
the total input power= 700.0 KW
power factor=0.803
il= 0.22877 A
output= 0.845 hp
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